Solid State Relay
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Solid State Relay SSR – Symbol, Circuit, Construction, Working, Types and Applications

A Solid-State Relay (SSR) is an electronic switching device that performs the same function as an electromechanical relay (EMR) but without any moving parts. Instead of mechanical contacts, it uses semiconductor devices such as thyristors, Triacs, MOSFETs, or transistors to switch electrical loads ON or OFF. Because there are no moving parts, SSRs offer longer […]

Types of PCB Materials
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Types of PCB Materials Their Properties and Applications

This article explores various types of PCB materials, their composition, electrical and mechanical properties, advantages, disadvantages, and applications in different industries. Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) form the backbone of almost every modern electronic device — from small gadgets to industrial machines and communication systems. The performance, durability, and reliability of a PCB depend largely on […]

Types of Inductors
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Different Types of Inductors Their Properties and Applications

Let’s explore the various types of inductors, along with their unique properties and applications. An inductor is one of the fundamental passive components used in electrical and electronic circuits, along with resistors and capacitors. Inductors store energy in the form of a magnetic field when an electric current flows through them. The property of an […]

Emotionally Intelligent Machines with Ethical AI
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Ethical AI and the Future of Emotionally Intelligent Machines

As artificial intelligence continues to develop, the emphasis is shifting beyond logic and data toward understanding human emotions. Ethical AI and emotionally intelligent machines represent the next frontier – systems capable of empathy, fairness, and moral awareness. These innovations hold the prospect of revolutionizing healthcare, education, customer service, and mental health support. However, they also […]