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Solar energy is a renewable and sustainable power source harnessed from the sun’s radiation. This energy can be captured through various technologies, primarily photovoltaic (PV) panels and solar thermal systems. PV panels convert sunlight directly into electricity, while solar thermal systems use sunlight to generate heat, which can then produce electricity or provide heating. Solar energy is abundant, environmentally friendly, and helps reduce dependence on fossil fuels, thereby decreasing greenhouse gas emissions and mitigating climate change. Its applications range from small-scale residential setups to large solar farms that contribute significantly to the energy grid.